OPRM1-mu Opioid receptor

Your data includes 127 SNPs on gene OPRM1, which is on chromosome 6.
MAF Source: 1000 Genomes
http://www.1000genomes.org/
TUESDAY FEBRUARY 14, 2012
February 2012 Updated Genotypes for Integrated Phase 1 Release


This February 2012  release represents a new improved set of phased genotypes for our integrated phase 1 variant release. This release contains SNPS, short INDELs and Deletions based on low coverage and exome sequencing data across 1092 individuals.


Please note the sites list has been filtered to remove a small number of indels which were discovered to have a high false positve rate. There is more information about this in the README 
ftp://ftp.1000genomes.ebi.ac.uk/vol1/ftp/release/20110521/README.phase1_integrated_release_version2_20120214

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OPRM1 154402201 rs6912029 G or T GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.061/133

OPRM1 154402389 rs1799972 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.068/149

OPRM1 154402490 rs1799971 A or G AG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.189/414

OPRM1 154409860 rs514980 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.154/338

OPRM1 154410479 rs509544 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.156/341

OPRM1 154410691 rs4870266 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.093/203

OPRM1 154414130 rs607759 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.156/341

OPRM1 154414385 rs499796 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.238/521

OPRM1 154419618 rs3778146 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.113/248

OPRM1 154420845 rs3823010 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.112/244

OPRM1 154425351 rs3778150 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.132/288

OPRM1 154429999 rs6927269 G or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.108/236

OPRM1 154431672 rs4357147 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.018/40

OPRM1 154433062 rs1461773 A or G GG

dbSNP Orientation: Minus

dbSNP Genotype: CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.116/253

OPRM1 154433828 rs6923231 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.070/153

OPRM1 154434831 rs589046 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.305/668

OPRM1 154435373 rs3778151 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.166/364

OPRM1 154435577 rs3778153 A or C CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.110/240

OPRM1 154449660 rs563649 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.104/228

OPRM1 154451807 rs9479756 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.097/212

OPRM1 154452803 rs17174794 C or G CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.003/7

OPRM1 154452817 rs17174801 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.003/7

OPRM1 154454948 rs10485057 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.100/218

OPRM1 154455121 rs510587 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.032/71

OPRM1 154456068 rs9282821 A or C AC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.401/877

OPRM1 154456139 rs540825 A or T AT

dbSNP Orientation: Minus

dbSNP Genotype: AT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.127/277

OPRM1 154456256 rs675026 A or G AG

dbSNP Orientation: Minus

dbSNP Genotype: CT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.241/528

OPRM1 154456266 rs562859 C or T CT

dbSNP Orientation: Minus

dbSNP Genotype: AG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.277/605

OPRM1 154457127 rs660756 G or T GT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.276/603

OPRM1 154459438 rs12203621 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.064/139

OPRM1 154459840 rs548646 C or T CT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.296/648

OPRM1 154460107 rs3798683 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.192/421

OPRM1 154461748 rs679987 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.067/147

OPRM1 154463422 rs1323043 C or T CT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.136/297

OPRM1 154464437 rs647192 A or G AG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.136/297

OPRM1 154466013 rs9322447 A or G AG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.441/966

OPRM1 154466180 rs619089 A or G AG

dbSNP Orientation: Minus

dbSNP Genotype: CT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.296/647

OPRM1 154470229 rs650825 A or G AG

dbSNP Orientation: Minus

dbSNP Genotype: CT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.166/364

OPRM1 154470394 rs650245 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.115/251

OPRM1 154477398 rs9478506 G or T GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.088/193

OPRM1 154477679 rs606148 A or C CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.072/157

OPRM1 154478944 rs632395 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.101/220

OPRM1 154482434 rs671531 A or G AG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.279/610

OPRM1 154483556 rs558948 C or T CT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.163/357

OPRM1 154483822 rs645027 A or G AA

dbSNP Orientation: Minus

dbSNP Genotype: GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.129/283

OPRM1 154484971 rs613341 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.072/157

OPRM1 154486907 rs10485058 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.099/217

OPRM1 154491542 rs613355 A or C AC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.272/595

OPRM1 154493504 rs649840 A or C CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.147/321

OPRM1 154494178 rs636433 A or G GG

dbSNP Orientation: Minus

dbSNP Genotype: CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.076/166

OPRM1 154496957 rs7774038 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.051/111

OPRM1 154497880 rs686633 C or T CT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.128/281

OPRM1 154499185 rs544093 G or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.086/189

OPRM1 154499899 rs2010884 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.225/493

OPRM1 154500548 rs655059 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.056/122

OPRM1 154502815 rs13203628 A or G AG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.216/472

OPRM1 154502966 rs12660296 C or T CT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.216/472

OPRM1 154503514 rs13193545 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.098/215

OPRM1 154503778 rs9397687 C or T CT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.416/910

OPRM1 154504070 rs518596 A or G GG

dbSNP Orientation: Minus

dbSNP Genotype: CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.366/800

OPRM1 154504084 rs10223804 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.079/173

OPRM1 154504746 rs6557337 C or T CT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.426/931

OPRM1 154506022 rs569284 A or C AA

dbSNP Orientation: Minus

dbSNP Genotype: TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.086/188

OPRM1 154506891 rs12207811 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.157/344

OPRM1 154508510 rs4869817 A or G AG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.455/995

OPRM1 154511909 rs9397178 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.162/354

OPRM1 154512887 rs13196610 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.046/100

OPRM1 154514019 rs4870268 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.405/887

OPRM1 154516563 rs9383693 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.467/1022

=====================================================

Interaction Protein for Cytohesin Exchange Factors 1 

(IPCEF1) Binds Cytohesin 2 and Modifies Its Activity

http://www.jbc.org/content/278/44/43460.full

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OPRM1 154517641 rs17085103 G or T TT
MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.061/134

OPRM1 154518220 rs9479767 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.470/1029

OPRM1 154519605 rs17277929 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.098/215

OPRM1 154520132 rs2236256 A or C CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.471/1030

OPRM1 154520428 rs6916787 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.061/133

OPRM1 154523086 rs1950005 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.476/1042

OPRM1 154523859 rs1918760 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.265/579

OPRM1 154523921 rs1918761 C or T TT

dbSNP Orientation: Minus

dbSNP Genotype: AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.265/579

OPRM1 154524838 rs9479769 G or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.387/846

OPRM1 154527332 rs12199124 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.164/358

OPRM1 154529113 rs2281617 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.238/520

OPRM1 154529487 rs6939625 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.090/198

OPRM1 154529669 rs6941251 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.353/773

OPRM1 154532350 rs6938037 A or C AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.246/538

OPRM1 154532829 rs12208947 A or G no call

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.216/473

OPRM1 154534546 rs7745499 A or C AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.350/765

OPRM1 154541831 rs13437608 C or T C

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.056/122

OPRM1 154542817 rs17278409 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.177/387

OPRM1 154543825 rs9479778 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.012/27

OPRM1 154544380 rs9479779 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.049/108

OPRM1 154545204 rs11965988 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.076/166

OPRM1 154545564 rs9371331 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.202/441

OPRM1 154545712 rs9479780 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.346/756

OPRM1 154554189 rs7452342 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.266/583

OPRM1 154554890 rs4626436 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.080/175

OPRM1 154557793 rs10485060 A or C CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.087/191

OPRM1 154558954 rs11970612 A or C AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.081/178

OPRM1 154560330 rs1040822 G or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.331/725

OPRM1 154562084 rs2295676 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.230/503

OPRM1 154564353 rs9322451 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.324/708+

OPRM1 154564432 rs1852629 C or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.340/745

OPRM1 154569846 rs6557339 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.245/536

OPRM1 154571206 rs9479791 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.182/399

OPRM1 154572672 rs6913456 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.417/912

OPRM1 154576104 rs790252 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.183/400

OPRM1 154576968 rs9478525 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.060/132

OPRM1 154577270 rs9478526 A or C AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.064/141

OPRM1 154581998 rs790262 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.486/1063

OPRM1 154584183 rs2272381 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.186/408

OPRM1 154585010 rs12205120 G or T GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.146/319

OPRM1 154590121 rs2103277 G or T GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.266/581

OPRM1 154592545 rs9397697 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.179/392

OPRM1 154592810 rs12212773 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.153/335

OPRM1 154593899 rs9371781 A or C CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.278/609

OPRM1 154596299 rs17292684 A or C AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.033/72

OPRM1 154602029 rs6935927 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.345/755

OPRM1 154605345 rs9479796 G or T TT

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.381/834

OPRM1 154607027 rs4314511 A or G AA

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: G=0.261/570

OPRM1 154608434 rs11155954 G or T GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.175/382

OPRM1 154608539 rs7754313 G or T GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: T=0.020/43

OPRM1 154609076 rs9383697 C or T CC

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: C=0.227/497

OPRM1 154609368 rs7759388 A or G GG

MAF/MinorAlleleCount: A=0.099/216

Censored By 23andMe

MEDICAL FACTS:

My gallbladder died-emergency removal

Gallstones-My risk=11.1%=1.58x7.0%Typ.

Hypertriglyceridemia [started decade ago], yet my data says I have typical odds:

rs964184-CC

Diagnosed as bipolar for almost two decades and meds made my high stress career liveable, 

but my data says I have reduced odds:

rs4948418- CC

True Believers think:

1.Large segment sizes are passed intact and are proof we have detectable cousins. 

2.Segments are tested and can be detected in 23andMe raw data. 

3.They are doing a public service when they stalk others to proselytize and/or intimidate 

them with harassment. 

4.I care about their opinions even when Iam mostly revolted by them. manipulative and 

abusive stalking of me on every post, including those where I originated the topic. 

5.Consider it their duty to derail the posts and topics of with whom they disagree with 

personal attacks and irrelevant off topic provocations.

Invisible Pink Unicorn in its Natural Habitat

http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10150538693581457

With the Hopes that our World is built on they were utterly out of touch,

They denied that the Moon was Stilton; they denied she was even Dutch;

They denied that Wishes were Horses; they denied that a Pig had Wings;

So we worshipped the Gods of the Market Who promised these beautiful things.

Rudyard Kipling-The Gods of the Copybook Headings

Do not try to convince the True Believers.

This is my list to remind myself not to respond to their provoking remarks:

thetick:

fauxdk:

AndreaBadger:

GeeBee of Bavaria:

Geneadict:

altai volk:

Maureen Higgins Markov:

Tanaquil:

Glenn N.:

MMaddi:

DNFTT

Family Surnames

Beauchamp, Bird, Blythe, Carruthers, Childress, Ehart, Fielding, Gowder, Hall, Headen, 

Hobson, Hueston, Little, Massey, McConnell, McDonald, Montgomery, Moore, Norwood, 

Reinholds, Reynolds, Rucker, Scharf, Shurvington, Woods, Work

Family Locations

Oregon, Washington, Kentucky, Arkansas, Texas, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, 

Virginia, Scotland, Kent, England, Ireland, Germany, France, Ireland, Isle of Sky,

Family Locations

Geographic Facts: 

Father-orphaned in Denver;lived in Nebraska. Mother born Arkansas;ancestry in KY, GA, SC, 

NC,&Virginia. 

My maternal lineage is, starting with my mother:

Noda Moore-AR

Lillian Rucker-AR

Susan Willie Caldoni Saffroni Little-AR

Susan Childress-AR

Susan Elvina Childress-GA

Sarah Massey-NC

Sarah Work-SC

Margaret [Unknown]-VA

This is a reader's digest version of my maternal lineage:

http://webspace.webring.com/people/tu/um_910/MOORE.HT

About My Family

Diagnosed Type II Diabetes though my data say I have average risk:

rs7903146-CT

Type 2 Diabetes:My Risk=25.3%=.98x25.7% Typical risk

I have T2D/Type II Diabetes and one maternal aunt who has it. It did not start until my 

mid-50s. I retired from 26 years of working in corrections, which kept me physically 

active. 

I have hypertriglerides and we have yet to get them under control, which may be why my 

mother/aunts were affected with late onset AD.  Diet does not seem to work. Meds do not 

seem to work. I may have to exercise more. 

All my med. history is documented with my health insurance company and my offspring are 

few, so I am willing to participate in any research. My full genome sequence for my mtDNA 

is already public with the NCIB and I am an open book on my medical history.

I am diagnosed and treated for being bipolar. The True Believers who have not yet 

admitted and gotten treatment are a pain.

MY DNA MADE PUBLIC:

http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/usc_sec_42_00001320---d006-.html

http://www.fbi.gov/atlanta/press-releases/2011/fake-doctor-sentenced-for-health-care-

fraud-and-criminal-hipaa-violations

I am J1c3d yDNA and H3 mtDNA per FTDNA

These are my places for data on my DNA:

http://www.snpedia.com/index.php/User:JohnLloydScharf

http://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.427524841456.204572.637766456

http://www.facebook.com/groups/HaplogroupJ1/

Haplogroup J1c3d

http://testing-johnlloydscharf.blogspot.com/2011/12/my-mtdna.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:JohnLloydScharf/J1draft

P58+ M267+ L147.1+ M369- M368- M367- L65.2- L222.2- L174-

http://www.facebook.com/groups/213733318644557/

Haplogroup - H3

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:JohnLloydScharf/Haplogroup_H3_(mtDNA)

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/JN020360

HVR1 differences from CRS:16519C 

HVR2 differences from CRS:263G,315.1C 

CR differences from CRS:750G,1438G,4769G,6776C,714­8C, 8860G,15326G,15519C

My mtDNA Fasta File

http://testing-johnlloydscharf.blogspot.com/2011/12/my-mtdna.html

My mtDNA Data Processed

http://testing-johnlloydscharf.blogspot.com/2011/12/my-ydna.html

X STRS:

http://testing-johnlloydscharf.blogspot.com/2011/12/my-x-str-results.html

Autosomal STRS: 

http://testing-johnlloydscharf.blogspot.com/2011/12/my-autosomal-str-results.html

Notes On My 23andMe Raw Data

http://testing-johnlloydscharf.blogspot.com/2011/12/notes-on-my-23andme-raw-data.html

My mtDNA haplogroup/haplotype: 

http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10150258318196457 

My mtDNA disease profile: 

http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10150437948586457 

My yDNA haplotype 

http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10150258318201457 

My yDNA haplogroup 

http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10150258318206457 

My yDNA STRs 

http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10150256641206457 

http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10150304085646457 

My autosomal STRs 

http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10150266430616457 

My X-STRs 

http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10150256652721457

https://www.23andme.com/you/community/guidelines/

23andMe kit number:

GED M211533

GED M083415

GED Kit Number: F125649

FTDNA Kit Number: 125649A

My raw data at:

http://opensnp.org/users/141

Process it at one of the following. 

http://www.math.mun.ca/~dapike/FF23utils/

http://esquilax.stanford.edu/

Database for Autism:

http://autismkb.cbi.pku.edu.cn/

List of SNP-trait associations

http://snp.ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/list_gwas.cgi

For those who believe "Race" is a scientific concept:

http://amciv.wordpress.com/category/race-science/

On FTDNA, my shared cM runs from 20.77cM to 66.02cM and includes 138 individuals.

23andM for the same range of 20.77cm to 66.02cM in RF, it includes 41 individuals.

About Me

Tiffany at 23andMe Customer Service (Tiffany B.) wrote:Dec 20, 2011

(6 hours ago)

John,

We have suspended your Community posting privileges effective immediately. Your recent posts are in violation of the Terms of Service agreement as well as our Community Guidelines. See https://www.23andme.com/about/tos/and https://www.23andme.com/you/community/guidelines/ 

Please note that you still have the ability to send and receive messages and invitations. Also, this revocation does not affect access to your data or account. Should we receive reports from other users that you are abusing the messaging system, that privilege will also be terminated immediately without notice.

Let me know if you have any questions.

Sincerely,

Tiffany

http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150437853467727

DNA Infallibility

New Scientist has an article making the case that DNA testing is neither clear-cut nor definitive:


... much of the DNA analysis now conducted in crime labs can suffer from worrying subjectivity and bias. We asked forensic analysts to interpret a sample of real DNA evidence and found that they reached opposing conclusions about whether the suspect matched it or not. Our subsequent survey of labs around the world also shows that there are significant inconsistencies in the guidelines on how to interpret a sample. The findings suggest that the difference between prison and freedom could often rest on the opinions of a single individual.

. . .

We took a mixed sample of DNA evidence from an actual crime scene- a gang rape committed in Georgia, US- which helped to convict a man called Kerry Robinson, who is currently in prison. We presented it, and Robinson's DNA profile, to 17 experienced analysts working in the same accredited government lab in the US, without any contextual information that might bias their judgement.

In the original case, two analysts from the Georgia Bureau of Investigation concluded that Robinson "could not be excluded" from the crime scene sample, based on his DNA profile. (A second man convicted of the same crime also testified that Robinson was an assailant, in return for a lesser jail term.) Each of our 17 analysts independently examined the profiles from the DNA mixture, the victim's profile and those of two other suspects and was asked to judge whether the suspects' profiles could be "excluded", "cannot be excluded" or whether the results were "inconclusive".

If DNA analysis were totally objective, then all 17 analysts should reach the same conclusion. However, we found that just one agreed with the original judgement that Robinson "cannot be excluded". Four analysts said the evidence was inconclusive and 12 said he could be excluded.

"Fingerprinting and other forensic disciplines have now accepted that subjectivity and context may affect their judgement and decisions," says Dror. "It is now time that DNA analysts accept that under certain conditions, subjectivity and even bias may affect their work." Dror presented the results at the Green Mountain DNA conference in Burlington, Vermont, last month.

Christine Funk, an attorney in the Office of the Public Defender for the State of Minnesota, says the results of New Scientist's survey have profound implications for criminal justice. "The difference between prison and freedom rests in the hands of the scientist assigned the case," she says.

. . .

So what can be done? This year, the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), which issues guidance to US labs performing forensic DNA analysis, published new recommendations regarding the interpretation of forensic DNA.

. . .

It seems lab managers would welcome consistent rules. Forensic lab directors at the 19 labs we surveyed also provided their views about how their analysis is currently done: 15 either agreed or strongly agreed that interpretation procedures should be based on national standards, and 11 agreed or strongly agreed that decisions over alleles should not be based on analyst opinion.

Labs must also take steps to avoid bias. Butler says that some labs continue to insist upon seeing suspect profiles before analysing evidence from the crime scene, which could lead to biased decision-making (see "Crime Scene Investigation: Impartiality"). Analysts also often know too much about a suspect and other evidence to be impartial, and public labs often have close ties to police. "Crime labs, including DNA labs, should not be under the control of a law enforcement agency," says one US analyst, who wished to remain anonymous. "We are scientists, not cops or prosecutors."

Pelosi goes over health bill, leaves March 18 vote possibility open - TheHill.com

Pelosi goes over health bill, leaves March 18 vote possibility open - TheHill.com

Penn State Law Professor on DNA Evidence

Penn State Law Professor David Kaye discusses his book Double Helix and the Law of Evidence published by Harvard University Press.

Professor Says Use Of DNA Evidence Is Not An Open And Shut Case

Professor Says Use Of DNA Evidence Is Not An Open And Shut Case

The Right to Confront Witnesses

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/11/opinion/11mon2.html

"Just last June, the Supreme Court decided that when prosecutors rely on lab reports they must call the experts who prepared them to testify. It was an important ruling, based on a defendant’s right to be confronted with witnesses against him, but the court is about to revisit it. The justices should reaffirm that the Sixth Amendment requires prosecutors to call the lab analysts whose work they rely on."